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Neurodevelopmental Follow-up of Preterm Infants: What Is New?

Elisabeth C McGowan1, Betty R Vohr1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905-2499, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Neonatal-Follow-up Clinic, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, 101 Dudley Street, Providence, RI 02905-2499, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Former premature infants show evolving motor and language outcomes. Mild cerebral palsy (CP) and language delays are common, with family adversities impacting development, necessitating early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Premature infants face evolving short- and long-term motor and language challenges.
  • Decreasing rates of severe cerebral palsy (CP) highlight the impact of mild CP and developmental coordination disorder in preterm populations.
  • Language delays and disorders are prevalent outcomes in former premature infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on motor and language outcomes in former premature infants.
  • To emphasize the increasing recognition of mild CP and developmental coordination disorder.
  • To highlight the influence of family psycho-socioeconomic factors and the need for early intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on preterm infant outcomes.
  • Analysis of trends in motor and language development.
  • Examination of the role of medical morbidities and family adversities.

Main Results:

  • Evidence indicates ongoing changes in motor and language outcomes for former premature infants.
  • Mild CP and developmental coordination disorder are increasingly recognized.
  • Family psycho-socioeconomic adversities negatively impact preterm outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Intervention for family adversities in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is crucial.
  • Comprehensive assessment of motor and language development is essential for preterm populations.
  • Addressing psycho-socioeconomic factors alongside medical care improves preterm outcomes.

Keywords:
Cerebral palsyDevelopmental coordination disorderLanguageNeurodevelopmentPremature infantsSocioeconomic status

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