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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Studying Copper Nanoparticle-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Bacteria
Published on: May 16, 2025
Programmed cell death protein receptor and ligands in haematological malignancies - Current status
Marcin Sokołowski1, Anna Sokołowska1, Grzegorz Mazur2
1Oddział Chorób Wewnętrznych I, Specjalistyczny Szpital im. Alfreda Sokołowskiego w Wałbrzychu, Poland.
Abstract:
The checkpoint inhibitors have been continuously present in haematology for 20 years. From the first description, several of them were enrolled to the list of the oncological drugs. The research on nivolumab, avelumab, durvolumab is still in progress. In the treatment of some diseases, for instance, Hodgkin lymphoma, the programmed death cell pathway has already an important role. During the last years, the guidelines were enriched by using these drugs, both in solid and haematological malignancies. In this review, we present a history of discovery, research and clinical use of this new class of drugs potentially providing a significant change in curability rates of some haematological malignancies.
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