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Multiple comparison test, abbreviated as MCT, is a post hoc analysis generally performed after comparing multiple samples with one or more tests. An MCT will help identify a significantly different sample among multiple samples or a factor among multiple factors.
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Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
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Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
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Accuracy of Different Rapid Urease Tests in Comparison with Histopathology in Patients with Endoscopic Signs of

Franz-Xaver Dechant1, Rebecca Dechant1, Arne Kandulski1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Digestion
|March 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Rapid urease tests (RUTs) are cost-effective and quick alternatives to histology for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastritis. These findings are independent of proton pump inhibitor or antibiotic use.

Keywords:
EndoscopyGastritisHelicobacter pyloriRapid urease test

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Diagnostic Pathology

Background:

  • Guidelines permit both invasive and non-invasive tests for H. pylori detection.
  • Invasive methods include culture, histology, rapid urease tests (RUTs), and PCR.
  • Non-invasive methods include breath tests, stool antigen, and serum IgG tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the diagnostic performance of all commercially available RUTs against histology in Germany.
  • To evaluate the utility of RUTs and histology in H. pylori detection, considering patient medication use.

Main Methods:

  • One hundred fifty patients were enrolled, regardless of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or antibiotic use.
  • Real-time PCR was used to resolve discordant results between RUTs and histology.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in sensitivity or specificity were found among different RUTs.
  • RUTs demonstrated higher sensitivity than histology in patients treated with PPIs and/or antibiotics.
  • RUTs are cheaper and faster to perform compared to histological staining.

Conclusions:

  • RUTs are recommended as cost-effective and rapid alternatives to histology for H. pylori detection in patients with endoscopic gastritis.
  • Histological evaluation may be unnecessary and is more expensive and time-consuming when only H. pylori status is in question.