Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring Venous Waveforms for Non-Invasive Respiratory Monitoring in Pigs
Published on: March 8, 2024
High-flow Nasal Cannula Versus Noninvasive ventilation for Postextubation Acute Respiratory Failure after Pediatric
Naohiro Shioji1, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, Tatsuo Iwasaki
1Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Abstract:
We compared the reintubation rate in children who received high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy to the rate in children who received noninvasive ventilation (NIV) therapy for acute respiratory failure (ARF) after cardiac surgery. This was a retrospective analysis of 35 children who received HFNC therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2014-2015 (the HFNC group). We selected 35 children who had received NIV therapy for ARF after cardiac surgery in 2009-2012 as a control group. The matching parameters were body weight and risk adjustment for congenital heart surgery category 1. The reintubation rate within 48 h in the HFNC group tended to be lower than that in the NIV group (3% vs. 17%, p=0.06). The reintubation rate within 28 days was significantly lower in the HFNC group compared to the NIV group (3% vs. 26%, p=0.04). The HFNC group's ICU stays were significantly shorter than those of the NIV group: 10 (IQR: 7-17) days vs. 17 (11-32) days, p=0.009. HFNC therapy might be associated with a reduced reintubation rate in children with ARF after cardiac surgery.
Related Concept Videos
Acute Respiratory Failure-I
Definition: It is defined by specific criteria based on blood gas measurements. Hypoxemia happens when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) falls below 60 mmHg. At the same time,...
Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
Acute Respiratory Failure-V
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Acute Respiratory Failure-III
Acute Respiratory Failure-IV
Administering Oxygen by Nasal Cannula
Nasal Cannulas
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split into two prongs placed in the nostrils,...

