Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hydration of Cement01:24

Hydration of Cement

905
Hydration of cement is a chemical reaction between cement particles and water. This process occurs primarily through two mechanisms: through-solution and topochemical. In the through-solution process, anhydrous compounds dissolve into their constituents, hydrates form in the solution, and then precipitate from the supersaturated solution. The topochemical process involves solid-state reactions at the cement particle surface. The through-solution process dominates the topochemical process at the...
905
Soundness of Cement01:17

Soundness of Cement

560
The soundness of cement refers to the ability of cement paste to retain its volume after setting. Unsound cement can lead to expansion and structural damage due to the presence of free lime, magnesia, and calcium sulfate. Free lime hydrates very slowly, expanding and causing unsoundness, which is difficult to detect because it intercrystallizes with other compounds. Magnesia also reacts with water, forming crystals that can disrupt the cement's structure. Calcium sulfate can create...
560
Portland Cement01:21

Portland Cement

672
Portland cement is the essential binding ingredient in concrete, made from finely ground materials including lime, iron, silica, and alumina. Lime is derived primarily from limestone, marble, marl, seashells, and clays, which also supply iron and alumina, while silica is sourced from sand, chalk, and bauxite. Contemporary manufacturing of Portland cement is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions, prompting research into reducing its content in concrete through alternative...
672
Fineness of Cement01:15

Fineness of Cement

508
The fineness of cement directly influences the rate of hydration, as the hydration begins at the surface of the cement particles. In addition to hydration, the fineness of cement is vital for various properties of concrete including workability, gypsum requirement, and long-term behavior. The fineness of cement is represented in terms of the specific surface of cement which is typically measured in square meters per kilogram, with several methods available for this determination.
Direct...
508
Strength of Cement01:20

Strength of Cement

488
Strength tests for cement are not performed directly on neat cement paste due to difficulty in obtaining consistent, reliable specimens. Instead, cement is typically tested in the form of cement-sand mortar.
For compressive strength tests, ASTM C 109-05 standards prescribe a cement-sand mix ratio of 1:2.75 and a water/cement ratio of 0.485 for making 2-inch cubes. These cubes are mixed, cast, and cured in saturated lime water at 23°C until testing. Flexural strength testing, outlined in...
488
Types of Cement I01:21

Types of Cement I

378
Portland cement comes in several types, each with distinct properties and applications based on their chemical composition and hydration characteristics:
Type I (Ordinary Portland Cement) is widely used for general construction where special properties are not required. It has moderate sulfate resistance and heat of hydration.
Type II (Modified Cement) offers moderate resistance to sulfate attack and a lower rate of heat development compared to Type I. It is suitable for structures in...
378

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Proceedings of The Knee Society 2025 Members Meeting.

The Journal of arthroplasty·2026
Same author

Obesity and Total Knee Arthroplasty Revisited: Minimal Impact on Loosening and Mechanical Failure in the Modern Era.

The Journal of arthroplasty·2026
Same author

Obesity Severity and Stiffness After Total Knee Arthroplasty Revisited: A Contemporary Analysis of Patients Requiring Manipulation Under Anesthesia.

The Journal of arthroplasty·2026
Same author

Aspirin prophylaxis is safe and effective for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in low-risk patients undergoing aseptic revision total knee arthroplasty : evidence from a national cohort.

The bone & joint journal·2026
Same author

Effects of Perioperative Dronabinol Use in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double-blinded Randomized Controlled Trial.

Anesthesiology·2026
Same author

Fixation of the Volar Ulnar Corner in Distal Radius Fractures: A Comparative Study.

Hand (New York, N.Y.)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

43.9K

Cementless versus Cemented Fixation in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Paraskevi Vivian Papas1, Dominick Congiusta1, Fred D Cushner1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, New York.

The Journal of Knee Surgery
|March 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is common, with cementless fixation initially linked to aseptic loosening. Surgeons are reconsidering cementless TKA due to evolving patient demographics, despite cemented fixation remaining the standard.

More Related Videos

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

12.4K
In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
07:33

In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

43.9K
Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty
09:31

Individualized Stem-positioning in Calcar-guided Short-stem Total Hip Arthroplasty

Published on: February 27, 2018

12.4K
In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
07:33

In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

Published on: May 5, 2023

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Medical Device Design

Background:

  • Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful procedure, yet over 20,000 revision TKAs are performed annually.
  • Historically, cementless fixation was explored to reduce loosening failures but showed early aseptic loosening.
  • Cemented TKA remains the gold standard, but changing patient demographics prompt re-evaluation of cementless options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical context and current considerations for cementless fixation in total knee arthroplasty.
  • To analyze the reasons behind the initial discouragement of cementless TKA and the factors driving renewed interest.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on cemented and cementless TKA fixation.
  • Analysis of midterm results and failure modes associated with uncemented components.
  • Examination of demographic shifts in the TKA patient population.

Main Results:

  • Early studies indicated a link between cementless fixation and aseptic loosening.
  • Cemented fixation has demonstrated reliable long-term outcomes, establishing it as the gold standard.
  • Evolving patient profiles necessitate a re-assessment of fixation strategies.

Conclusions:

  • While cemented TKA is the established standard, cementless fixation is being revisited.
  • Understanding the historical performance and current patient factors is crucial for optimizing TKA outcomes.
  • Further research may clarify the role of cementless fixation in specific patient populations.