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First Report of a Distinct Begomovirus Infecting Cassava from Zanzibar.
M N Maruthi1, J Colvin1, S Seal1
1Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Plant Disease
|March 3, 2019
Summary
A new cassava begomovirus was identified in Zanzibar, showing mild mosaic disease symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis indicates it is closely related to East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV).
Area of Science:
- Plant virology
- Molecular biology
- Genomics
Background:
- Cassava mosaic disease (CMD) poses a significant threat to cassava production.
- Previous surveys did not identify known Cassava mosaic viruses (CMVs) in Zanzibar samples.
- Mild mosaic symptoms were observed in cassava plants from Uguja Island, Zanzibar.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize the begomovirus associated with mild mosaic disease in Zanzibar cassava.
- To determine the genetic relationship of the identified virus to other known begomoviruses.
Main Methods:
- DNA extraction from symptomatic cassava leaves.
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using degenerate primers to amplify begomovirus DNA.
- Virus-specific primer design for genome amplification and cloning.
- Phylogenetic analysis of DNA-A and DNA-B sequences.
Main Results:
- A 564-nucleotide fragment was amplified using degenerate primers, indicating begomovirus presence.
- Full-length DNA-A (2,785 nt) and partial DNA-B (2,403 nt) components were obtained and sequenced.
- Phylogenetic analysis revealed the virus is most closely related to East African cassava mosaic virus (EACMV) from Tanzania and Uganda.
- The viral genome organization is consistent with other bipartite begomoviruses from the Old World.
Conclusions:
- A novel begomovirus, potentially a new strain of EACMV or a distinct species, has been identified in Zanzibar.
- Further research is needed to definitively classify this begomovirus.
- This finding contributes to understanding begomovirus diversity in East Africa.
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