Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Patterning of Embryonic Stem Cells Using the Bio Flip Chip
Published on: October 1, 2007
Enhanced Light Extraction of Flip-Chip Mini-LEDs with Prism-Structured Sidewall
Bin Tang1, Jia Miao2, Yingce Liu3
1Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Machinery Transients (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430072, China. bintang@whu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
Current solutions for improving the light extraction efficiency of flip-chip light-emitting diodes (LEDs) mainly focus on relieving the total internal reflection at sapphire/air interface, but such methods hardly affect the epilayer mode photons. We demonstrated that the prism-structured sidewall based on tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) etching is a cost-effective solution for promoting light extraction efficiency of flip-chip mini-LEDs. The anisotropic TMAH etching created hierarchical prism structure on sidewall of mini-LEDs for coupling out photons into air without deteriorating the electrical property. Prism-structured sidewall effectively improved light output power of mini-LEDs by 10.3%, owing to the scattering out of waveguided light trapped in the gallium nitride (GaN) epilayer.
Related Concept Videos
Light Acquisition
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
Light as Energy
Photons
A photon is a discrete electromagnetic particle or bundle of energy. Photons are characterized by their frequency, wavelength, and amplitude, similar to the properties of a wave. Waves with higher frequencies transmit more energy and have shorter wavelengths than longer wavelengths that transmit...
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
Antibody Structure
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement

