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Residue-Free Fabrication of van der Waals Heterostructures of Two-Dimensional Materials
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Surface van der Waals forces in a nutshell.

Luis G MacDowell1

  • 1Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|March 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a single equation to accurately describe van der Waals forces, bridging London dispersion and Casimir retardation effects for surfaces. It reveals significant impacts of retardation on interactions even at nanometer scales.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Physics
  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Long-range van der Waals surface interactions are typically approximated using the Hamaker constant, neglecting retardation effects.
  • Existing models fail to capture the transition from non-retarded to retarded interactions.
  • Casimir's theory describes retardation but lacks a tractable expression for surface interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a unified, simple equation for van der Waals surface forces at all distances.
  • To incorporate retardation effects and polarization in condensed media.
  • To accurately describe the crossover between London dispersion and Casimir interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of a single equation for van der Waals surface forces.
  • Inclusion of retardation effects and polarization phenomena.
  • Validation using material properties similar to those for Hamaker constant calculations.

Main Results:

  • A single equation accurately describes van der Waals forces across distances.
  • The equation captures the crossover from non-retarded to retarded interactions.
  • Retardation effects significantly alter interaction power laws at nanometer scales, even at ambient temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • A unified model for van der Waals forces is now achievable.
  • Retardation effects are crucial for understanding surface interactions at relevant scales.
  • This work provides a more accurate and comprehensive description of surface forces.