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Radiobiological quantities in proton-therapy: Estimation and validation using Geant4-based Monte Carlo simulations.

G Petringa1, F Romano2, L Manti3

  • 1INFN-LNS. Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud, Via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Universitá degli Studi di Catania, Via S. Sofia 64, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Physica Medica : PM : an International Journal Devoted to the Applications of Physics to Medicine and Biology : Official Journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB)
|March 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations accurately reproduced radiobiological parameters for cancerous cell lines using proton beams. This validates Geant4 for predicting cell survival in proton therapy research.

Keywords:
Geant4Monte CarloProtonRBERadiobiological modelRadiotherapySurvival fraction

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Biology
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Proton beam therapy offers precise dose delivery for cancer treatment.
  • Accurate modeling of radiobiological effects is crucial for optimizing proton therapy.
  • Monte Carlo simulations are valuable tools for predicting radiation interactions in biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To validate the Geant4 Monte Carlo toolkit for simulating radiobiological parameters.
  • To assess Geant4's accuracy in reproducing cell survival fractions under proton irradiation.
  • To compare simulation results with experimental data for different cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated experimental setups using an open-source Geant4 application.
  • Calculated cell survival fractions by coupling Geant4 with the Local Effect Model (LEM) and a semi-empirical model.
  • Irradiated three distinct cancerous cell lines with monochromatic and clinical proton beams.

Main Results:

  • Geant4 simulations successfully reproduced experimentally measured radiobiological parameters.
  • The simulation results showed good agreement with experimental data across different cell lines.
  • Both the LEM and semi-empirical models, when coupled with Geant4, provided accurate predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Geant4 is a reliable tool for simulating and predicting radiobiological outcomes in proton therapy.
  • The study confirms Geant4's capability to model complex biological responses to proton irradiation.
  • Validated simulation methods can enhance the planning and efficacy of proton cancer treatments.