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Related Concept Videos

Electric Field01:16

Electric Field

12.8K
Consider two point charges, each exerting Coulomb force on the other. It is possible to describe the Coulomb interaction via an intermediate step by defining a new physical quantity called the electric field.
In the new picture, imagine that the first charge sets up an electric field independent of all other charges in the universe. When another charge comes in its vicinity, the second charge experiences an electric force depending on the electric field at that point. The source charge does not...
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Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential01:12

Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential

5.0K
The electric field and electric potential are related to each other. If the electric field at various points in the region of interest is known, it can be used to calculate the electric potential difference between any two points. Similarly, if the electric potential is known for various points, then it is possible to calculate the electric field.
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
5.0K
Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field01:13

Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field

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For a system of charges, it is easy to calculate the system's potential because potential is a scalar quantity. However, in some instances where calculating the electric field is more straightforward than finding the potential, the electric field is used to calculate the system's potential. For a positive charge, the electric field is radially outward, and the potential is positive at any finite distance from the positive charge. In such an electric field, the motion away from the...
5.5K
Electric Field Lines01:25

Electric Field Lines

9.5K
The three-dimensional representation of the electric field of a positive point charge requires tracing the electric field vectors, whose lengths decrease as the square of their distance from the charge and which point away from the charge at each point. This vector field is no doubt challenging to visualize. The visualization of electric fields becomes quickly intractable as the number of charges increases.
The solution to this problem is to use electric field lines, which are not vectors but...
9.5K
Induced Electric Fields01:23

Induced Electric Fields

4.6K
The fact that emfs are induced in circuits implies that work is being done on the conduction electrons in the wires. What can possibly be the source of this work? We know that it’s neither a battery nor a magnetic field, as a battery does not have to be present in a circuit where current is induced, and magnetic fields never do any work on moving charges. The source of the work is in fact an electric field that is induced in the wires. For example, if a stationary conductor is placed in a...
4.6K
Electric Field Inside a Conductor01:20

Electric Field Inside a Conductor

7.4K
When a conductor is placed in an external electric field, the free charges in the conductor redistribute and very quickly reach electrostatic equilibrium. The resulting charge distribution and its electric field have many interesting properties, which can be investigated with the help of Gauss's law.
Suppose a piece of metal is placed near a positive charge. The free electrons in the metal are attracted to the external positive charge and migrate freely toward that region. This region then...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Chemical Analysis of Water-accommodated Fractions of Crude Oil Spills Using TIMS-FT-ICR MS
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Analytical Solution for the Electric Field Inside Dynamically Harmonized FT-ICR Cell.

Anton Lioznov1, Gökhan Baykut2, Evgeny Nikolaev3

  • 1Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia.

Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|March 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A novel dynamically harmonized Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) cell achieves ultra-high resolution by maintaining ideal ion phasing. This breakthrough enables analytical solutions for ion trap dynamics, advancing mass spectrometry capabilities.

Keywords:
Conformal mappingDynamically harmonized FT ICR cellFourier-transform ion cyclotron resonanceParacell

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Traditional Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance (FT-ICR) cells suffer from ion cloud disintegration, limiting mass spectral resolution.
  • Existing FT-ICR designs struggle to maintain ideal ion phasing across the entire cell volume, impacting performance.
  • Achieving resolutions exceeding ten million at m/z 1000 at 7 Tesla is a significant challenge for modern mass spectrometers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a dynamically harmonized FT-ICR cell with a unique saddle-like hyperbolic field distribution.
  • To demonstrate the cell's ability to prevent ion cloud disintegration and maintain ideal ion phasing.
  • To derive an analytical solution for the potential distribution within the cell, applicable to practical FT-ICR mass spectrometry.

Main Methods:

  • Investigated the field distribution within a dynamically harmonized FT-ICR cell, revealing a saddle-like hyperbolic potential.
  • Analyzed ion motion dynamics, confirming independence of axial and radial motion, and cyclotron and magnetron motion.
  • Derived an analytical solution for the potential distribution using conformal transformation of the 2D Poisson equation.

Main Results:

  • The dynamically harmonized FT-ICR cell exhibits ideal ion phasing, preventing disintegration of coherent ion clouds.
  • Achieved resolutions exceeding ten million at m/z 1000 at 7 Tesla in quadrupole detection mode.
  • An analytical solution for the potential distribution was found applicable to the working volume of the ion trap.

Conclusions:

  • The dynamically harmonized FT-ICR cell offers unprecedented resolution and stability in mass spectrometry.
  • The derived analytical solution provides a theoretical foundation for signal detection and a standard for numerical simulations.
  • This advancement paves the way for next-generation FT-ICR instruments with superior analytical performance.