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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Vinyl Chloride and High-Fat Diet as a Model of Environment and Obesity Interaction
Published on: January 12, 2020
Increased Diet Quality is Associated with Long-Term Reduction of Abdominal and Pericardial Fat
Rachel Hennein1,2, Chunyu Liu1,2,3, Nicola M McKeown4
1Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Objective:
This study examined the longitudinal associations between genetic risk, change in diet quality, and change in visceral adipose tissue (ΔVAT), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (ΔSAT), and pericardial adipose tissue (ΔPAT).
Methods:
A total of 1,677 Framingham Heart Study participants who had ectopic fat depots measured using computed tomography were analyzed. Diet quality was quantified using a Mediterranean-style diet score (MDS) and genetic risk by depot-specific genetic risk scores (GRSs).
Results:
Per SD improvement in MDS, there was 50 cm3 (95% CI: 14-86; P = 0.007) less fat accumulation in VAT, 52 cm3 (95% CI: 12-92; P = 0.01) less fat accumulation in SAT, and 1.3 cm3 (95% CI: 0.1-2.4; P = 0.04) less fat accumulation in PAT. No association was observed between GRSs and ΔVAT or ΔSAT. Each 1-SD increase in the PAT GRS was associated with a 1.2-cm3 (95% CI: 0.1-2.3; P = 0.03) increase in ΔPAT. In participants with higher PAT GRS, those with ΔMDS ≥ 0 had a favorable change in PAT compared with the counterparts with ΔMDS < 0 (P = 0.008).
Conclusions:
Longitudinal improvements in diet quality are associated with less ectopic fat accumulation. This study suggests that diet quality may play a critical role in improving ectopic adiposity profiles.
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