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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

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Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Continuous Manual Exchange Transfusion for Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: An Efficient Method to Avoid Iron Overload
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Sickle cell disease: Hemostatic and inflammatory changes, and their interrelation.

Sílvia L de O Toledo1, João V M Guedes1, Patrícia N Alpoim2

  • 1Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), Dona Lindu Center-West Campus, Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, 400, Chanadour, 35501-296 Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|March 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sickle cell disease involves blood flow issues and inflammation. This review explores how hemostasis and inflammation interact to worsen the condition.

Keywords:
HemostasisHypercoagulabilityInflammationSickle cell disease

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Pathophysiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a prevalent global genetic blood disorder.
  • SCD presents significant clinical variability, reduced quality of life, and premature mortality.
  • Pathological hallmarks include sickled erythrocytes, vaso-occlusion, hemolysis, and hypercoagulability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease.
  • To elucidate the interplay between hemostatic and inflammatory systems in SCD pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathophysiological aspects of SCD.
  • Analysis of hemostatic and inflammatory changes in SCD.

Main Results:

  • Sickled erythrocytes trigger vaso-occlusion, hemolysis, and hemostatic alterations promoting coagulation.
  • These events precipitate chronic inflammation with elevated pro-inflammatory markers.
  • Continuous interaction between hemostatic and inflammatory systems exacerbates hypercoagulability and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between hemostasis and inflammation is a critical driver of SCD pathology.
  • Understanding these interconnected systems is key to developing targeted therapies for SCD.