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Association between incisor irregularity and coronal caries: A population-based study.

Ahmed A Alsulaiman1, David S Briss2, Goli K Parsi2

  • 1Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Mass.

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Incisor irregularity was not linked to anterior tooth decay in a US adult population study. This finding suggests that while clinicians should still educate patients on plaque retention, irregularity may not directly increase caries risk in this demographic.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Investigating the link between dental alignment and tooth decay is crucial for public health.
  • Previous research suggests a potential association between incisor irregularity and caries, but population-specific data is needed.
  • The National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES III) provides a valuable dataset for such investigations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between incisor irregularity and anterior coronal caries.
  • To conduct an arch-specific analysis within the U.S. population using NHANES III data.
  • To determine if incisor alignment influences caries prevalence in specific dental arches.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 9,049 participants in the NHANES III (1988-1994).
  • Inclusion criteria: complete permanent anterior teeth, caries and occlusal data, no prior orthodontic treatment.
  • Incisor irregularity measured using the Little irregularity index; anterior caries defined as decayed or filled surfaces (CDFS ≥1).

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of anterior coronal caries was 25.1% in the maxillary arch and 5.5% in the mandibular arch.
  • No statistically significant association was found between incisor irregularity and anterior coronal caries in either the maxillary or mandibular arch.
  • The findings were based on a subset of NHANES III participants, predominantly highly educated white adults with medium socioeconomic status and high oral health compliance.

Conclusions:

  • Maxillary and mandibular incisor irregularity is not associated with anterior dental caries prevalence in this specific NHANES III cohort.
  • Further prospective cohort studies are recommended to validate these findings.
  • Clinicians should continue patient education regarding incisor irregularity's established role in plaque retention, despite the lack of a direct caries association in this study.