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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
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The Synthesis of [Sn10SiSiMe334]2- Using a Metastable SnI Halide Solution Synthesized via a Co-condensation Technique
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Heterogeneous materials: metastable and non-ergodic internal structures.

Dmitri V Alexandrov1, Andrey Yu Zubarev1

  • 1Laboratory of Multi-Scale Mathematical Modeling, Department of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics , Ural Federal University , Lenin Avenue 51, Ekaterinburg 620000 , Russian Federation.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|March 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Structural and phase transitions in heterogeneous materials are explored, focusing on non-equilibrium states influenced by magnetic fields and flows. These studies span nano to macro scales, revealing trends in metastable and non-ergodic material behaviors.

Keywords:
heterogeneous materialsmetastable statesnon-ergodic structures

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Heterogeneous and composite materials exhibit complex structural and phase transitions.
  • Non-equilibrium states are fundamental to understanding transitions in these materials, influenced by dissipative processes or metastability.
  • External fields, such as magnetic fields and hydrodynamic flows, significantly impact material behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural and phase transitions in heterogeneous and composite materials.
  • To analyze the effects of external magnetic fields and hydrodynamic flows on these transitions.
  • To explore the macroscopic properties and behavior of materials with diverse internal structures.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental, theoretical, and computer simulations are employed to study transitions at atomic and mesoscopic levels.
  • Atomistic modeling provides insights into material structuring.
  • Analysis of non-equilibrium physical mechanics is used to describe transitional states.

Main Results:

  • Structural transitions in heterogeneous media often persist in non-equilibrium states.
  • External magnetic fields and hydrodynamic flows induce specific structuring.
  • A wide range of materials, from metastable liquids to biological polymers, are examined across scales.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding non-equilibrium and metastable states is crucial for characterizing heterogeneous materials.
  • Recent trends in heterogeneous materials science involve exploring nano- to macro-scale phenomena.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering both internal structure and external influences on material properties.