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Airway microbiota in patients with paediatric cystic fibrosis: Relationship with clinical status

Antonia Sánchez-Bautista1, Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Díaz1, Inmaculada Garcia-Heredia1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.

Enfermedades Infecciosas Y Microbiologia Clinica (English Ed.)
|March 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and lower airway microbiome biodiversity, particularly higher Staphylococcus aureus levels, showed increased lung damage. Greater microbial diversity may indicate slower disease progression.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Massive sequencing enables airway microbiota analysis in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.
  • The link between lung microbiome composition and pediatric CF clinical status requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between airway microbiome composition and clinical status in pediatric CF patients.
  • To explore the relationship between lung microbiome diversity and disease severity in children with CF.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional observational study on induced sputum samples from children with CF.
  • Bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis of associations with clinical variables.

Main Results:

  • A core microbiome included Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Rothia, Gemella, and Granulicatella species.
  • Lower microbiome biodiversity correlated with increased Staphylococcus spp., notably Staphylococcus aureus (p=0.009).
  • Reduced microbial diversity was associated with greater lung damage in pediatric CF patients.

Conclusions:

  • Airway microbiome biodiversity may serve as an indicator of CF disease progression.
  • Therapeutic strategies targeting the preservation of non-pathogenic airway microbiota warrant investigation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cystic fibrosisEdad pediátricaEnfermedad pulmonarFibrosis quísticaLung diseaseLung microbiomePaediatric patientsPulmón

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