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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Expression, Purification, and Antimicrobial Activity of S100A12
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Faecal Calprotectin.

Wpn Ganga W Pathirana1, Sa Paul Chubb1,2, Melissa J Gillett1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.

The Clinical Biochemist. Reviews
|March 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Faecal calprotectin is a sensitive biomarker for gastrointestinal inflammation, aiding in differentiating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Standardizing assays is crucial for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of IBD and other conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Calprotectin, an S-100 protein family member, is primarily found in neutrophils.
  • Its presence in feces indicates neutrophil migration into gastrointestinal tissue due to inflammation.
  • Faecal calprotectin serves as a biomarker for gastrointestinal disorders, correlating with intestinal inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the utility of faecal calprotectin as a biomarker in gastrointestinal disorders.
  • To highlight its role in differentiating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
  • To discuss the current status of faecal calprotectin assays and the need for standardization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on faecal calprotectin.

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  • Analysis of its correlation with intestinal inflammation.
  • Evaluation of its diagnostic and monitoring applications in IBD and other gastrointestinal conditions.
  • Discussion of immunoassay-based quantification methods and available extraction devices.

    • Main Results:

    • Faecal calprotectin is a sensitive marker for gastrointestinal inflammation.
    • It effectively differentiates IBD from IBS.
    • It is utilized for IBD diagnosis, monitoring disease activity, guiding treatment, and predicting relapse.
    • Potential roles in other conditions like infectious gastroenteritis and coeliac disease require further study.

    Conclusions:

    • Faecal calprotectin is a valuable tool in managing gastrointestinal inflammation and IBD.
    • Assay standardization is essential for accurate and traceable results due to variations in sensitivity and specificity between different methods.
    • Further research is needed to confirm its utility in a broader range of gastrointestinal conditions.