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Bone block procedures for glenohumeral joint instability
Obinna Nzeako1, Nik Bakti1, Rajesh Bawale1
1Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Windmill Road, Gillingham, Kent, ME7 5NY, UK.
Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma
|March 5, 2019
Summary
Glenoid bone loss causes shoulder instability. While open bone grafting like the Latarjet procedure is common, arthroscopic allograft techniques are gaining popularity for treating anterior and posterior glenoid defects.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Sports Medicine
- Shoulder Instability Research
Background:
- Glenoid bone loss is a primary cause of shoulder instability and long-term morbidity.
- Anterior glenohumeral instability due to anterior glenoid defects is prevalent.
- Traditional open bone block augmentation, such as the Latarjet procedure, has been the standard treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the available evidence on managing glenoid bone loss.
- To discuss the increasing popularity of arthroscopic bone block procedures with allograft.
- To cover the management of less common posterior glenoid defects.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current evidence on glenoid bone loss treatments.
- Discussion of open versus arthroscopic bone grafting techniques.
- Analysis of allograft use in arthroscopic procedures.
Main Results:
- Open anterior bone grafting procedures are well-established treatments.
- Arthroscopic bone block procedures using allograft are increasing in popularity.
- Evidence for managing posterior glenoid defects is also reviewed.
Conclusions:
- Glenoid bone loss requires adequate management to prevent long-term issues.
- Arthroscopic allograft techniques offer a potentially less morbid alternative to open procedures.
- Comprehensive management strategies for both anterior and posterior glenoid defects are essential.
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