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Related Concept Videos

Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.5K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.5K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

130.3K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
130.3K
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

20.0K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
20.0K
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

68.1K
Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.
68.1K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

17.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
17.0K
Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature03:34

Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Nomenclature

86.9K
An element composed of atoms that readily lose electrons (a metal) can react with an element composed of atoms that readily gain electrons (a nonmetal) to produce ions through complete electron transfer. The compound formed by this transfer is stabilized by the electrostatic attractions (ionic bonds) between the oppositely charged ions.
86.9K

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Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids
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Poly(Ionic Liquid) Nanoparticles Selectively Disrupt Biomembranes.

Eleanor Ewins1, Rafael B Lira1, Weiyi Zhang2

  • 1Department of Theory & Bio-Systems Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces Science Park Golm 14424 Potsdam Germany.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|March 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polymer-based nanoparticles (PILs) cause pores in model cell membranes (GUVs) in a concentration-dependent way. These interactions resemble those of antimicrobial peptides, affecting membrane integrity.

Keywords:
antifungalantimicrobial activitygiant vesiclesmembrane permeabilizationmicrofluidicspores

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Polymer-based nanoparticles offer tunable properties and scalable production.
  • Poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) nanoparticles exhibit high charge density and unique morphology.
  • Giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) serve as excellent models for cell plasma membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interaction between PIL nanoparticles and GUVs.
  • To determine the effect of PIL concentration and GUV surface charge on membrane disruption.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of PIL nanoparticle-induced membrane poration.

Main Methods:

  • Incubation of PIL nanoparticles with GUVs.
  • Microscopic observation of GUVs to assess membrane response.
  • Confocal microscopy to evaluate particle permeation.
  • Analysis of concentration- and charge-dependent effects.

Main Results:

  • PIL nanoparticles induce poration in GUV lipid membranes.
  • Poration is dependent on PIL concentration and GUV surface charge.
  • A critical poration concentration for PILs was identified.
  • Interactions were found to be analogous to antimicrobial peptides.
  • Submicromolar PIL concentrations caused membrane disruption and vesicle collapse at higher concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • PIL nanoparticles interact with and disrupt model cell membranes.
  • The mechanism involves bilayer frustration and pore stabilization.
  • PIL nanoparticles show potential as agents affecting membrane integrity, similar to antimicrobial peptides.