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Sleep and prematurity: sleep outcomes in preterm children and influencing factors

Maria Gogou1, Katerina Haidopoulou2, Evangelos Pavlou2

  • 12nd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University General Hospital AHEPA, Thessaloníki, Greece. mariaangogou@gmail.com.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP
|March 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants show distinct sleep patterns compared to full-term infants, impacting neurodevelopment. Addressing sleep issues in preterm babies is crucial for their cognitive outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep patterns significantly change from infancy to adulthood.
  • Sleep disorders in childhood are linked to cognitive deficits.
  • Prematurity is a known risk factor for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on factors affecting sleep in premature infants.
  • To examine sleep outcomes in the premature infant population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of health-related databases was performed.
  • Original research papers were included without publication date restrictions.

Main Results:

  • 22 articles met the selection criteria, showing methodological heterogeneity.
  • Premature infants differ from full-term infants in sleep structure, including EEG spectral values, total sleep time, and arousal threshold.
  • Prematurity is a risk factor for sleep-disordered breathing; data on methylxanthines and NICU environment are conflicting. Limited research exists on the neurodevelopmental impact of prematurity-related sleep disorders.

Conclusions:

  • Altered sleep patterns in premature infants result from nervous system immaturity, postnatal factors, and comorbidities.
  • Sleep disturbances in premature infants may contribute to impaired neurodevelopment.
  • Future research should explore interventions for sleep hygiene and neurodevelopmental support in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
NeonatesNeurodevelopmentPrematuritySleepSleep disorders

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