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First Report of Tomato chlorosis virus in Puerto Rico
W M Wintermantel1, J E Polston2, J Escudero3
1USDA-ARS, 1636 E. Alisal St., Salinas, CA 93905.
Plant Disease
|March 6, 2019
Summary
Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) was identified in Puerto Rico, marking its first detection in the Caribbean. This whitefly-transmitted virus poses a significant threat to tomato crops and could spread throughout the region.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Virology
- Entomology
Background:
- Tomato plants in Puerto Rico exhibited symptoms of interveinal chlorosis, necrotic flecking, thickening, and leaf rolling.
- These symptoms are characteristic of criniviruses, specifically Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV).
- Criniviruses are transmitted by whiteflies, with different species acting as vectors for TICV and ToCV.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the specific crinivirus causing disease in field-grown tomato plants in Puerto Rico.
- To confirm the presence and transmission of the identified virus in the Caribbean region.
- To assess the potential for further spread of the virus.
Main Methods:
- Leaf dip preparations revealed long, flexuous rods characteristic of criniviruses.
- Whitefly transmission studies were conducted using two species: Trialeurodes vaporariorum and T. abutilonea.
- Dot blot hybridizations with specific probes were used to detect and identify criniviruses in plant tissues.
Main Results:
- Transmission studies using T. abutilonea successfully induced ToCV-like symptoms in indicator plants.
- Dot blot hybridizations confirmed the presence of ToCV in symptomatic plants from transmission experiments.
- ToCV was identified in Puerto Rico for the first time, with no other criniviruses detected.
Conclusions:
- Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is present in Puerto Rico, representing the first detection of a tomato crinivirus in the Caribbean.
- The efficient transmission of ToCV by multiple whitefly species indicates a high potential for its spread within the Caribbean Basin.
- This finding highlights the need for monitoring and management strategies to control ToCV in the region.
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