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Primary angle-closure glaucoma with goniodysgenesis in a Beagle dog
Shin Ae Park1, Dodd Sledge2, Colleen Monahan2
1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 736 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
BMC Veterinary Research
|March 6, 2019
Summary
This case report details the first documented instance of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) with goniodysgenesis in a Beagle. The findings underscore the necessity of gonioscopy for diagnosing glaucoma in this breed.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Ophthalmology
- Canine Genetics
- Ophthalmic Pathology
Background:
- Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the established form of primary glaucoma in Beagles.
- This report presents a unique case of primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) in a Beagle, challenging previous breed-specific glaucoma classifications.
Observation:
- A 12-year-old Beagle presented with clinical signs of visual impairment, elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in the left eye (OS), and narrow iridocorneal angles with pectinate ligament dysplasia.
- Ophthalmic examination revealed blepharospasm, absent menace response, corneal edema, mydriasis, optic nerve cupping, and retinal vascular attenuation in the OS.
- Genetic testing excluded the known POAG mutation (Gly661Arg ADAMTS10), and histopathology confirmed goniodysgenesis in both enucleated eyes.
Findings:
- The case represents the first documented instance of PACG with goniodysgenesis in a Beagle, supported by comprehensive clinical, genetic, and histopathologic evidence.
- Medical management of the OS with latanoprost and dorzolamide/timolol was unsuccessful, leading to enucleation due to uncontrolled IOP.
- The contralateral eye (OD) subsequently developed glaucoma and was also enucleated, with histopathology confirming goniodysgenesis.
Implications:
- This case highlights the critical importance of performing gonioscopy in Beagles diagnosed with glaucoma to identify underlying goniodysgenesis.
- The findings suggest that PACG may be an underdiagnosed condition in Beagles and warrants further investigation.
- Additional research involving a larger cohort of dogs is recommended to fully characterize the clinical presentation and inheritance patterns of PACG in this breed.
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