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Static and dynamic forces in the incudostapedial joint gap.

Martin Koch1, Till Moritz Eßinger1, Martin Angerer2

  • 1Technische Universitaet Dresden, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, ERCD Ear Research Center Dresden, Germany.

Hearing Research
|March 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study measured forces within the ossicular chain during sound transmission and static pressure. Findings reveal dynamic forces of 26 μN/Pa and static forces up to 1 N, crucial for middle ear prosthetics and sensor development.

Keywords:
Force measurementIncudostapedial joint gapPiezoelectric sensorStrain gauge sensor

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics of hearing
  • Otolaryngology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Sound pressure transforms into forces/moments in the ossicular chain, impacting the inner ear.
  • The stapedial annular ligament shows non-linear behavior under static forces.
  • Unventilated middle ears experience static pressure transfer to ossicles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure forces within the ossicular chain as a physiological parameter.
  • To determine forces during dynamic sound transmission.
  • To quantify forces under static load conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Quasi-static forces in the incudostapedial joint (ISJ) measured using piezo and strain gauge sensors in 17 temporal bones.
  • Dynamic forces measured in 11 temporal bones using a piezo sensor.
  • Sensors integrated into a titanium housing for in-situ force acquisition.

Main Results:

  • A static force of 23 μN was measured in the ISJ post-sensor insertion.
  • Mean dynamic force for acoustic excitation (250 Hz–6 kHz) was 26 μN/Pa.
  • Static force in the ISJ increased to 1 N under a 30 kPa static pressure load.

Conclusions:

  • This study introduces direct force measurements within the ossicular chain.
  • Static force data is relevant for middle ear reconstruction prosthesis design.
  • Dynamic force data informs the development of novel middle ear sensors.