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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

In vitro Methylation Assay to Study Protein Arginine Methylation
Published on: October 5, 2014
Peptidyl arginine deiminases: detection and functional analysis of protein citrullination
Ronak Tilvawala1, Paul R Thompson1
1Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States.
Abstract:
Citrullination is a post-translational modification of arginine that is catalyzed by the protein arginine deiminases (PADs). Abnormal citrullination is observed in many autoimmune diseases and cancers. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are hallmarks of RA and used as diagnostic markers for disease diagnosis. Even though citrullination is associated with many different pathologies, its role remains unclear due to the challenges associated with the detection of citrullinated proteins since the mass change is only 0.984 Da. Moreover, the functional effects of protein citrullination remain mostly unknown. Herein, we discuss a brief overview of PAD structure and function, recent advances in the detection of citrullinated proteins in complex biological systems and the functional consequences of protein citrullination.
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