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The relationship between implicit intergroup attitudes and beliefs.

Benedek Kurdi1, Thomas C Mann2, Tessa E S Charlesworth2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 kurdi@g.harvard.edu mahzarin_banaji@harvard.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Implicit intergroup attitudes and beliefs are tightly connected, with attitudes potentially driving beliefs when specific information is absent. Explicit measures may uniquely reveal dissociations due to deliberate judgment processes.

Keywords:
Implicit Association Testattitudesimplicit social cognitionstereotypesword embeddings

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Attitude Research

Background:

  • Intergroup attitudes involve generalized evaluations of social groups, while intergroup beliefs represent specific trait attributions.
  • Explicit measures sometimes show dissociation between attitudes and beliefs, but the relationship between implicit measures is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate the relationship between implicit intergroup attitudes and beliefs using multiple methodologies.
  • To determine if implicit attitudes causally influence implicit beliefs.

Main Methods:

  • Correlational analysis of Implicit Association Tests (IATs) on attitudes and beliefs (Study 1).
  • Experimental manipulation of attitudes via evaluative conditioning to observe effects on belief IATs (Study 2).
  • Archival analysis using word embeddings to correlate generalized attitudes with specific beliefs across social groups (Study 3).

Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between implicit attitudes and beliefs, with some redundancy observed (mean r = 0.31).
  • Attitude manipulation led to parallel changes in belief IATs, indicating a causal link.
  • Word embedding analysis showed strong correlations between generalized valence and specific trait attributions for social groups.

Conclusions:

  • Implicit intergroup attitudes and beliefs are closely interconnected.
  • Dissociations between attitudes and beliefs may be specific to explicit, deliberate judgment processes.