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Related Concept Videos

Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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Spreading of Chromatin Modifications02:25

Spreading of Chromatin Modifications

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The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
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Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

Histone Variants at the Centromere

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Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Exon Skipping in Directly Reprogrammed Myotubes Obtained from Human Urine-Derived Cells
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Combinatorial Pattern of Histone Modifications in Exon Skipping Event.

Wei Chen1,2,3, Xiaoming Song2, Hao Lin3

  • 1Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Genetics
|March 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Histone modifications influence alternative splicing. This study reveals distinct combinatorial patterns and causal relationships of histone modifications in exon skipping within CD4+ T cells, clarifying their role in RNA splicing regulation.

Keywords:
Bayesian networkRNA splicingacetylationcasual relationshiphistone modificationmethylation

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • Histone modifications are linked to alternative splicing.
  • Combinatorial patterns of histone modifications regulate gene expression.
  • The precise interactions and causal roles in RNA splicing are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combinatorial patterns of histone modifications in alternative splicing.
  • To elucidate the causal relationships between histone modifications and RNA splicing.
  • To analyze these patterns in the context of exon skipping in CD4+ T cells.

Main Methods:

  • Bayesian networks were constructed to analyze histone modification patterns.
  • Analysis focused on 38 types of histone modifications.
  • The study examined exon skipping events in CD4+ T cells.

Main Results:

  • Distinct combinatorial patterns of histone modifications were identified.
  • These patterns illustrate causal relationships in excluded/included exons and intronic regions.
  • Some histone modifications show a direct correlation with RNA splicing.

Conclusions:

  • Histone modifications exhibit specific combinatorial patterns influencing RNA splicing.
  • Bayesian networks reveal causal links between histone modifications and splicing.
  • This research offers new insights into epigenetic regulation of alternative splicing.