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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Effects of hypoxic preconditioning on memory evaluated using the T-maze behavior test.

Yun-Hee Kim¹, Kuen-Su Lee¹, Young-Sung Kim²

¹Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.

Animal Cells and Systems

|March 6, 2019

Summary

Brief hypoxic preconditioning protects zebrafish brains from damage and memory loss. This study highlights zebrafish as a model for rapidly assessing neuroprotective effects on memory.

Keywords:

Hypoxic preconditioning ischemia memory zebrafish

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Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

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An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

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Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury

Published on: December 4, 2013

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ischemic Preconditioning Research
Zebrafish Models in Biology

Background:

Perioperative brain ischemia and stroke are significant causes of patient mortality and morbidity.
Hypoxic preconditioning offers neuroprotection against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, but its effects on memory are understudied.
Existing research primarily relies on histological and biomarker analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neuroprotective effects of brief hypoxic preconditioning on memory function in a zebrafish model.
To assess both histological damage and brain function, specifically memory, following hypoxic insult.
To evaluate the utility of the zebrafish model for rapid assessment of ischemic preconditioning's impact on memory.

Main Methods:

Zebrafish were subjected to a brief hypoxic preconditioning (30 seconds) followed by a more severe hypoxic insult (10 minutes).
Memory retention was evaluated using the T-maze test, assessing movement to a correct target compartment.
Histological analysis was performed to measure infarct size in the brain.

Main Results:

Hypoxic preconditioning significantly reduced infarct size compared to the hypoxic-only group.
Zebrafish that underwent hypoxic preconditioning maintained memory function, similar to the control group.
The hypoxic-only group exhibited significant impairments in memory retention.

Conclusions:

Brief hypoxic events provide neuroprotection against hypoxic brain damage and preserve memory function in zebrafish.
The zebrafish model is effective for rapidly evaluating the impact of ischemic preconditioning on memory.
Findings support the potential of hypoxic preconditioning as a therapeutic strategy for preventing cognitive decline after brain injury.