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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Olfactory dysfunction in spondyloarthritis.

Esin Yalcinkaya1, Mustafa Mert Basaran2, Hakan Erdem1

  • 1Otorhinolaryngology Department, Medicana International Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
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Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is linked to olfactory dysfunction, with SpA patients exhibiting impaired smell. This suggests a connection between inflammatory arthritis and reduced sense of smell.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses inflammatory arthritic conditions like ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis.
  • Emerging research indicates a correlation between various arthritic disorders and olfactory dysfunction.
  • The specific relationship between SpA and olfactory impairment requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between spondyloarthritis and olfactory impairment.
  • To determine if SpA patients experience a decline in olfactory function compared to healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 50 SpA patients and 50 healthy controls was recruited.
  • Olfactory function was assessed using the validated "Sniffin' Sticks" test battery.
  • Factors including age, gender, disease activity (BASDAI), HLA-B27 status, medication, and disease duration were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • SpA patients demonstrated significantly lower scores in odor threshold (T), discrimination (D), and identification (I) compared to controls (p < 0.001).
  • Olfactory loss showed a negative correlation with HLA-B27 positivity.
  • Disease activity, medication, and disease duration did not significantly impact olfactory function results.

Conclusions:

  • Spondyloarthritis is associated with olfactory loss.
  • Further research is needed to explore the potential prognostic value of olfactory function in SpA.