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ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Polycipiviridae.

Ingrida Olendraite1, Katherine Brown1, Steven M Valles2

  • 11​Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK.

The Journal of General Virology
|March 6, 2019
PubMed
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The Polycipiviridae virus family, found in ants, features unique polycistronic RNA genomes. This report summarizes the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses findings on these picorna-like viruses.

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ICTV ReportPolycipiviridaetaxonomy

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Arthropod-borne Viruses

Background:

  • Polycipiviridae represents a family of picorna-like viruses characterized by non-segmented, linear, positive-sense RNA genomes.
  • These viruses possess genomes approximately 10-12 kb in size, distinguishing them within the order Picornavirales.
  • Genome organization includes polycistronic features with multiple 5'-proximal open reading frames (ORFs) and a distinct 3' ORF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the Polycipiviridae family.
  • To detail the genomic characteristics and taxonomic classification of Polycipiviridae.
  • To highlight the ecological associations of Polycipiviridae with ants and arthropod transcriptomic data.

Main Methods:

  • Review and synthesis of the official ICTV taxonomic report.
  • Analysis of genomic data, focusing on open reading frame organization.
  • Compilation of data from arthropod transcriptomic datasets and ant-associated viral studies.

Main Results:

  • Polycipiviridae genomes are polycistronic, a notable deviation from typical Picornavirales.
  • Four or more consecutive 5'-proximal ORFs encode structural proteins, while a long 3' ORF encodes the replication polyprotein.
  • All identified members of the Polycipiviridae family have been detected in ants or through arthropod transcriptomic analyses.

Conclusions:

  • The Polycipiviridae family is defined by its unique polycistronic genome structure within the picorna-like viral group.
  • Current understanding links Polycipiviridae primarily to ant hosts and arthropod-derived sequence data.
  • This summary serves as an accessible overview of the official ICTV classification and characteristics of Polycipiviridae.