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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Photobleaching Assays FRAP & FLIP to Measure Chromatin Protein Dynamics in Living Embryonic Stem Cells
Published on: June 29, 2011
Monitoring Glutathione Dynamics and Heterogeneity in Living Stem Cells
Eui Man Jeong1,2, Ji-Woong Shin1,3, Jisun Lim4
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
This study introduces FreSHtracer, a novel probe for real-time monitoring of glutathione (GSH) levels in living stem cells. This method enables precise quantification and sorting of stem cells based on their antioxidant status.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Stem Cell Research
Background:
- Glutathione (GSH) is a critical intracellular antioxidant essential for cellular defense and redox signaling.
- Previous work highlighted the impact of GSH concentration variability on stem cell function.
Observation:
- This study details a protocol using FreSHtracer, a real-time GSH probe, for monitoring GSH levels in living stem cells.
- The protocol employs confocal microscopy and flow cytometry for rapid, quantitative, and real-time intracellular GSH analysis.
Findings:
- The FreSHtracer method allows for the direct observation of dynamic changes in cellular GSH concentration within single stem cells.
- Flow cytometry utilizing FreSHtracer enables the sorting of stem cells into subpopulations based on their GSH content.
Implications:
- This technique offers a straightforward and efficient approach to assess stem cell health and function through GSH level analysis.
- The protocol is adaptable for various mammalian cell types, broadening its potential applications in biomedical research.
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