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Emergency Contraception Use in School-Based Health Centers: A Qualitative Study
Geetha N Fink1, Gillian Dean1, Anne Nucci-Sack2
1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
|March 7, 2019
Summary
Emergency contraception (EC) is preferred by adolescents for its accessibility and perceived effectiveness. However, many adolescents have misconceptions about EC
Area of Science:
- Adolescent reproductive health
- Contraceptive behavior research
- Emergency contraception utilization
Background:
- School-based health centers (SBHCs) provide crucial reproductive health services to adolescents.
- Understanding adolescent decision-making regarding emergency contraception (EC) is vital for improving contraceptive counseling and access.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the contraceptive behaviors and decision-making processes of female adolescent patients in SBHCs who have used emergency contraception (EC).
- To identify factors influencing the selection, perceived efficacy, and patterns of use (or non-use) of both EC and non-emergent contraception (NEC) among adolescent SBHC patients.
Main Methods:
- Qualitative in-depth interviews and questionnaires were employed.
- Female adolescents reporting EC use were recruited from school-based health centers.
- A modified grounded theory approach with open coding was used to analyze interview themes.
Main Results:
- Reasons for EC use included inconsistent or incorrect use of other methods, or for added protection.
- Adolescents preferred EC due to ease of access, administration, minimal side effects, perceived high efficacy, and discretion.
- A significant proportion of participants (65%) held incorrect beliefs about EC's high effectiveness (90%-99%).
- Mean EC use was 3.5 times among participants.
Conclusions:
- Ease of access, administration, minimal side effects, and perceived high efficacy drive EC use among adolescents.
- Challenges with consistent use of non-emergent contraception (NEC) and condoms, alongside a desire for discreet methods, contribute to EC utilization.
- Addressing misconceptions about EC efficacy and promoting consistent use of regular contraception are critical.
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