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Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial.

Francisco J Amaro-Gahete1,2, Alejandro De-la-O1, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli1

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Different exercise programs like physical activity recommendations (PAR), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) improve body composition in middle-aged adults. WB-EMS showed slightly superior results in lean body mass and bone mineral content.

Keywords:
HIITWB-EMSbone mineral densityconcurrent trainingfat body masslean body mass

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sports Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Sedentary lifestyles in middle-aged adults contribute to unfavorable body composition.
  • Effective exercise interventions are crucial for mitigating age-related body composition changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of three distinct exercise training modalities on body composition in sedentary middle-aged adults.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of physical activity recommendations (PAR), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and WB-EMS combined with HIIT.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-week randomized controlled trial involving 89 sedentary middle-aged adults.
  • Participants were assigned to PAR, HIIT, or WB-EMS + HIIT groups.
  • Body composition parameters including fat mass, lean mass, and bone mineral content were assessed.

Main Results:

  • All training groups significantly reduced fat mass, fat mass index, and visceral adipose tissue compared to controls.
  • HIIT and WB-EMS groups showed significant increases in lean body mass versus control and PAR groups.
  • WB-EMS group demonstrated a significant increase in bone mineral content compared to the control group.

Conclusions:

  • PAR, HIIT, and WB-EMS are effective strategies for improving body composition in sedentary middle-aged adults.
  • WB-EMS combined with HIIT may offer additional benefits for lean body mass and bone mineral content.
  • Exercise interventions can positively impact body composition parameters, supporting healthy aging.