Improvement in detecting sepsis using leukocyte cell population data (CPD).

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Clinical Pathology
• Infectious Disease

Background:

• Cell population data (CPD) parameters from XN analyzers provide insights into leukocyte size and internal structure.
• Early identification of sepsis risk in febrile patients is crucial for timely intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the utility of CPD parameters in identifying febrile patients at risk of developing sepsis.
• To develop a sepsis profile by combining CPD parameters with other clinical markers.

Main Methods:

• Recruited 295 febrile patients with confirmed infections.
• Utilized receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to assess diagnostic performance of CPD parameters for sepsis vs. non-systemic bacterial infection.
• Applied K-means unsupervised clustering to stratify patients based on CPD profiles.

Main Results:

• ROC analysis indicated NE-FSL, NE-WY, NE-WZ, and MO-WZ had areas under the curve (AUCs) >0.700 for sepsis prediction.
• K-means clustering identified two patient groups; Cluster 1 showed higher PCT values and elevated NE-SFL, NE-WY, MO-X, MO-WX, and MO-Z.
• Cluster 1, characterized by specific CPD values, was associated with a higher likelihood of sepsis.

Conclusions:

• CPD parameters reflecting monocyte complexity and neutrophil activation are significant indicators in sepsis diagnosis.
• Elevated CPD values, particularly in specific leukocyte subsets, suggest an increased risk of sepsis in febrile patients.