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Does 1,8-diiodooctane affect the aggregation state of PC71BM in solution?
Gabriel Bernardo1,2, Adam L Washington3,4, Yiwei Zhang1
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK.
Royal Society Open Science
|March 7, 2019
Summary
1,8-Diiodooctane (DIO) does not deflocculate PC71BM nano-aggregates in chlorobenzene. Instead, DIO enhances fullerene film mobility, improving nanomorphology and organic photovoltaic performance.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Physical Chemistry
- Organic Electronics
Background:
- 1,8-Diiodooctane (DIO) is an additive used in organic photovoltaics processing.
- Previous studies suggested DIO deflocculates [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) nano-aggregates in chlorobenzene via small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS).
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically re-examine the effect of DIO on PC71BM aggregation in chlorobenzene.
- To investigate the role of DIO in the nanomorphology and performance of organic photovoltaics.
Main Methods:
- Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements.
- In situ film thinning and optical imaging of PC71BM solutions with and without DIO.
Main Results:
- SAXS measurements were compromised by solvent scattering, X-ray attenuation, and beam-induced aggregation, questioning their suitability.
- SANS measurements showed PC71BM remains molecularly dissolved in chlorobenzene regardless of DIO presence.
- DIO addition slowed drying times and enhanced molecular mobility in fullerene films.
Conclusions:
- DIO does not deflocculate PC71BM nano-aggregates; PC71BM is molecularly dissolved.
- DIO improves organic photovoltaic performance by enhancing molecular mobility and nanomorphology.
- Compatible high-boiling solvents are expected to exhibit similar performance-enhancing behavior.
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