Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nodal Analysis01:10

Nodal Analysis

1.9K
Nodal analysis is a fundamental method in electrical engineering used to simplify the process of circuit analysis. This method revolves around the concept of using node voltages as the primary variables for circuit analysis. The objective is to determine the voltage at each node in a circuit, which can then be used to find other quantities of interest, such as currents through specific components.
Consider, for instance, a simple circuit composed of three nodes and three resistors, as shown in...
1.9K
Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources01:11

Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

1.9K
Nodal analysis is a remarkably effective method used in electrical engineering to simplify the analysis of complex circuits, including those with dependent or independent voltage sources. Its strength lies in its systematic approach to breaking down circuits into manageable components, making it easier for engineers to understand and solve.
Consider a circuit that contains four resistors and two voltage sources, as shown in Figure 1. One of these voltage sources is connected between a...
1.9K
Acid Attack on Concrete01:21

Acid Attack on Concrete

745
When acids come into contact with concrete, they initiate a chemical reaction that dissolves the hydrated cement paste. This process leads to softening and structural weakening of the concrete. This issue is commonly observed in environments such as chimneys, sewers, and industrial settings. The severity of the damage increases as the pH of the water interacting with the concrete drops below 6.5. In particular, a pH under 4.5 can cause significant concrete damage.
The rate at which hydrogen...
745
Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

726
Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
726
Power01:08

Power

13.0K
The concept of work involves force and displacement; meanwhile, the work-energy theorem relates the net work done on a body to the difference in its kinetic energy, calculated between two points on its trajectory. While none of these quantities or relations involves time explicitly, we know that the time available to accomplish work is often just as important as the amount of work itself. For example, sprinters in a race may have achieved the same velocity at the finish, therefore,...
13.0K
Sums of Power01:22

Sums of Power

66
In definite integration, Riemann sums approximate the area under a curve by dividing it into subintervals and summing the areas of rectangles. When these approximations follow predictable numerical patterns, such as arithmetic or polynomial sequences, sum formulas offer a more efficient and accurate way to compute the result. In particular, the sum of consecutive integers, squares, and cubes plays an essential role in simplifying these calculations, especially when dealing with uniform...
66

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Continuous-time process for human contact dynamics.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Federated Learning over MU-MIMO Vehicular Networks.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Finding patient zero in susceptible-infectious-susceptible epidemic processes.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Individualized epidemic spreading models predict epilepsy surgery outcomes: A pseudo-prospective study.

Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2024
Same author

Reporting delays: A widely neglected impact factor in COVID-19 forecasts.

PNAS nexus·2024
Same author

Transition from time-variant to static networks: Timescale separation in N-intertwined mean-field approximation of susceptible-infectious-susceptible epidemics.

Physical review. E·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
06:15

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Published on: July 10, 2017

13.4K

Nodal vulnerability to targeted attacks in power grids.

Hale Cetinay1, Karel Devriendt1, Piet Van Mieghem1

  • 1Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft, P.O Box 5031 The Netherlands.

Applied Network Science
|March 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study uses network science to assess power grid vulnerability to targeted attacks. Analyzing centrality metrics reveals how node attacks impact grid performance, informing security strategies for critical infrastructure.

Keywords:
Centrality metricsComplex networksPower gridsTargeted attacks

More Related Videos

Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets
10:16

Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets

Published on: March 12, 2019

46.7K
Visualizing Proteins and Macromolecular Complexes by Negative Stain EM: from Grid Preparation to Image Acquisition
08:01

Visualizing Proteins and Macromolecular Complexes by Negative Stain EM: from Grid Preparation to Image Acquisition

Published on: December 22, 2011

60.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
06:15

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Published on: July 10, 2017

13.4K
Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets
10:16

Autoradiography as a Simple and Powerful Method for Visualization and Characterization of Pharmacological Targets

Published on: March 12, 2019

46.7K
Visualizing Proteins and Macromolecular Complexes by Negative Stain EM: from Grid Preparation to Image Acquisition
08:01

Visualizing Proteins and Macromolecular Complexes by Negative Stain EM: from Grid Preparation to Image Acquisition

Published on: December 22, 2011

60.1K

Area of Science:

  • Network Science
  • Power Systems Engineering
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • Increasing availability of power grid data online due to open data policies raises concerns about malicious threats.
  • Power grid operators face new challenges in safeguarding critical infrastructure against sophisticated attacks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the vulnerability of power grids to targeted attacks using network science methodologies.
  • To develop and analyze node-attack strategies based on centrality metrics.
  • To evaluate the impact of these attacks on the structural and operational performance of power grids.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two graph models (simple and weighted) to represent power grids.
  • Calculated various centrality metrics for each node within the power grid network.
  • Formulated node-attack strategies derived from centrality metrics and performed empirical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Identified key nodes whose removal significantly impacts grid performance based on centrality.
  • Demonstrated the effectiveness of centrality-based attack strategies in degrading power grid functionality.
  • Quantified the effects of targeted attacks on both the structural integrity and operational efficiency of power grids.

Conclusions:

  • Network science provides a robust framework for understanding and quantifying power grid vulnerabilities.
  • Centrality metrics are effective indicators for identifying critical nodes susceptible to targeted attacks.
  • The findings offer valuable insights for enhancing the resilience and security of power grids against cyber threats.