Collagen-based bioinks for hard tissue engineering applications: a comprehensive review
C F Marques1,2, G S Diogo1,2, S Pina1,2
13B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal.
Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|March 7, 2019
Summary
This review explores 3D printing using collagen bioinks for hard tissue engineering, focusing on scaffolds for bone and cartilage repair. It details material requirements, printing parameters, and scaffold properties for successful tissue regeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Additive Manufacturing
Background:
- Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly 3D printing, is revolutionizing tissue regeneration by enabling the creation of complex, customized scaffolds.
- Bioinks, crucial for 3D printing, require specific properties for successful fabrication and cell integration.
- Collagen-based materials show significant promise as bioinks due to their biocompatibility and cell-activating properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current state of 3D printing using collagen-based materials for hard tissue engineering.
- To highlight the requirements for successful collagen bioink formulation and printing.
- To discuss the properties and applications of 3D printed collagen scaffolds for bone and cartilage repair.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on 3D printing techniques (inkjet, laser-assisted, direct ink writing) with collagen-based bioinks.
- Analysis of critical factors in bioink formulation: printing fidelity, stability, rheology, mechanical properties, and cell compatibility.
- Evaluation of scaffold properties: physicochemical, mechanical, and biological performance for hard tissue regeneration.
Main Results:
- Collagen-based materials offer excellent biocompatibility and mimic the extracellular matrix, making them ideal for regenerative applications.
- Successful 3D printing of collagen scaffolds requires careful control of printing parameters and bioink rheological properties.
- 3D printed collagen scaffolds demonstrate potential for bone and cartilage repair, with properties tunable for specific applications.
Conclusions:
- 3D printing with collagen bioinks is a viable strategy for fabricating advanced scaffolds for hard tissue engineering.
- Further research into optimizing bioink formulations and printing processes will enhance the clinical translation of these technologies.
- Collagen-based 3D printed scaffolds hold significant promise for improving bone and cartilage regeneration outcomes.
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