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Anticancer potential of naturally occurring immunoepigenetic modulators: A promising avenue?

Michael Schnekenburger1, Mario Dicato1, Marc F Diederich2

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Cancer, Kirchberg Hospital, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.

Cancer
|March 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Epigenetic changes help tumors evade immune detection. Naturally occurring epigenetic modulators can reverse these changes, enhancing the immune system's ability to fight cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epigenetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The immune system is crucial for detecting and eliminating cancer cells.
  • Epigenetic reprogramming contributes to tumor immune evasion by hindering immune recognition and promoting an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
  • Aberrant epigenetic modifications include altered antigen presentation, immune checkpoint dysregulation, and immunosuppressive cytokine profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review naturally occurring epigenetic modulators with potential antitumor immune properties.
  • To highlight how epigenetic drugs can reverse tumor-induced immunosuppression.
  • To focus on specific compounds like butyrate, curcumin, EGCG, and resveratrol.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer immunology.
  • Analysis of studies on natural compounds as epigenetic modulators.
  • Focus on compounds targeting DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylase.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations facilitate tumor immune escape through multiple mechanisms.
  • Epigenetic drugs, including natural compounds, can restore anti-tumor immunity.
  • Selected natural compounds demonstrate promising immunomodulatory and anti-cancer effects.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic reprogramming is a key factor in tumor immune evasion.
  • Naturally occurring epigenetic modulators offer a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance anti-tumor immune responses.
  • Further research into these compounds could lead to novel cancer immunotherapies.
Keywords:
antitumor immune responsecancerepigeneticsimmunitynatural compounds

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