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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Author Spotlight: Process Development for the Spray-Drying of Probiotic Bacteria and Evaluation of the Product Quality
Published on: April 7, 2023
High-Temperature Spray-Dried Polymer/Bacteria Microparticles for Electrospinning of Composite Nonwovens
Steffen Reich1, Patrick Kaiser2, Mahsa Mafi1
1Macromolecular Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, D-95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
Abstract:
Living Micrococcus luteus (M. luteus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are encapsulated in poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), hydroxypropyl cellulose, and gelatin by high-temperature spray drying. The challenge is the survival of the bacteria during the standard spray-drying process at temperatures of 150 °C (M. luteus) and 120 °C (E. coli). Raman imaging and transmission electron microscopy indicate encapsulated bacteria in hollow composite microparticles. The versatility of the spray-dried polymer bacteria microparticles is successfully proved by standard polymer solution-processing techniques such as electrospinning, even with harmful solvents, to water-insoluble polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), and poly(vinyl butyrate) nanofiber nonwovens, which opens numerous new opportunities for novel applications.
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