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First Report of White Pine Blister Rust in Nevada
J P Smith1, J T Hoffman2, K F Sullivan3
1School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff 86011.
Plant Disease
|March 8, 2019
Summary
White pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) was found infecting white pines in Nevada, extending its known range in the Sierra Nevada Region. Further research is needed to understand rust spread east of the Sierra Nevada crest.
Area of Science:
- Forest Pathology
- Plant Disease Epidemiology
- Mycology
Background:
- White pine blister rust, caused by Cronartium ribicola, is a significant disease affecting white pines (Pinus subgenus Strobus).
- Previous surveys had not documented the presence of this rust in Nevada.
- The Sierra Nevada Region is a critical area for white pine ecosystems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document the initial findings and characteristics of white pine blister rust in western Nevada.
- To evaluate rust incidence, infection age, tree damage, and phenology in newly identified locations.
- To determine the easternmost extension of blister rust into the Sierra Nevada Region.
Main Methods:
- Field surveys were conducted in the Carson Range of Nevada and a nearby location in California in 1998.
- Infected white pines (Pinus albicaulis and Pinus monticola) were assessed for rust incidence, canker type, and age.
- Telial hosts (Ribes spp.) were examined for signs of infection.
Main Results:
- Cronartium ribicola was confirmed infecting whitebark and western white pines at two locations in Nevada, representing a new documented occurrence.
- Cankers were prevalent on branch and stem tissues, with some stem cankers causing distal mortality, but no trees had died from infection.
- Aeciospore production peaked in September, indicating late-season sporulation, and cankers were primarily on wood from 1978-1979, with oldest originating in 1968.
Conclusions:
- This study reports the first documented occurrence of white pine blister rust in Nevada and its easternmost extension in the Sierra Nevada Region.
- Observations suggest incomplete understanding of blister rust spread and infection dynamics east of the Sierra Nevada crest.
- Future research should focus on aeciospore production timing and potential spread into the Great Basin ecosystem.
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