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Related Experiment Videos

Five years' experience with levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs.

T Luukkainen, H Allonen, M Haukkamaa

    Contraception
    |February 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

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    Levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs (LNG-IUDs) offer highly effective reversible contraception, significantly reducing menstrual bleeding. While effective for five years, counseling is needed for side effects like amenorrhea.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Health
    • Contraception
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are a common form of reversible contraception.
    • Levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs (LNG-IUDs) offer hormonal contraception directly at the uterine site.
    • Copper-releasing IUDs serve as a comparator for efficacy and side effect profiles.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the efficacy and safety of levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs (LNG-IUDs) against a copper-releasing IUD over a five-year period.
    • To evaluate the contraceptive effectiveness using the Pearl Index.
    • To assess bleeding patterns, continuation rates, and reasons for discontinuation.

    Main Methods:

    • A randomized comparative study involving two LNG-IUDs (releasing 20 or 30 micrograms/day) and one copper-releasing IUD (Nova T).
    Keywords:
    Age DistributionAge FactorsBiologyComparative StudiesContraceptionContraception TerminationContraceptive Agents, Female--administraction and dosageContraceptive Agents, Progestin--administraction and dosageContraceptive Agents--administraction and dosageContraceptive EffectivenessContraceptive MethodsData AnalysisDemographic AnalysisDeveloped CountriesEndocrine SystemEuropeEvaluationExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningFertility MeasurementsFinlandHormonesIncidenceIudIud, Copper ReleasingLevonorgestrel--administraction and dosageLife Table MethodLife TablesMeasurementNorthern EuropeParityPhysical Examinations And DiagnosesPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsQualitative EvaluationReproductive Control AgentsResearch MethodologyScandinaviaStudiesUse-effectiveness

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  • Study duration was five years, encompassing 10,600 woman-months of LNG-IUD use.
  • Data collected included Pearl Index, bleeding patterns, continuation rates, and reasons for removal.

    • Main Results:

    • LNG-IUDs demonstrated high contraceptive efficacy with a Pearl Index of 0.11, compared to 1.6 for the copper IUD.
    • Significant reduction in menstrual bleeding and duration was observed, leading to high rates of oligo- or amenorrhea.
    • Five-year continuation rates were 53 per 100 users for LNG-IUDs and 50 per 100 users for the copper IUD.

    Conclusions:

    • LNG-IUDs are a highly effective reversible contraceptive method with a demonstrated lifespan of at least five years.
    • The reduction in menstrual bleeding is a significant benefit, though counseling for amenorrhea is necessary.
    • The study confirms the long-term efficacy and safety profile of LNG-IUDs for women seeking reversible contraception.