Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

130.3K
Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
130.3K
Cell-surface Signaling01:21

Cell-surface Signaling

54.2K
Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
54.2K
Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

24.5K
Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...
24.5K
Cell Signaling in Plants01:25

Cell Signaling in Plants

6.2K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
6.2K
Second-Order Circuits01:17

Second-Order Circuits

3.5K
Integrating two fundamental energy storage elements in electrical circuits results in second-order circuits, encompassing RLC circuits and circuits with dual capacitors or inductors (RC and RL circuits). Second-order circuits are identified by second-order differential equations that link input and output signals.
Input signals typically originate from voltage or current sources, with the output often representing voltage across the capacitor and/or current through the inductor. For example, in...
3.5K
Yeast Signaling01:28

Yeast Signaling

17.2K
Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...
17.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 cooperatively regulate thymic epithelial cell function to prevent early-onset thymic involution.

Cell death and differentiation·2026
Same author

Are individual differences linked to perceived stress? Does positive cognitive reappraisal, anxiety sensitivity, or sex matter?

Acta psychologica·2026
Same author

RNA-binding proteins and ribonucleoproteins as determinants of immunity.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same author

Inhibiting translation elongation by reducing eIF5A activity induces feedback inhibition of initiation, limiting tumour cell proliferation.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Differential Regulation of TCR-Induced ZFP36 and ZFP36L1 Expression by Cyclosporin A in CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cells.

European journal of immunology·2025
Same author

RNA binding proteins control the G<sub>2</sub>-M checkpoint of the germinal center B cell.

Science immunology·2025
Same journal

Nanobodies against Plasmodium adhesins that block receptor engagement and malaria parasite invasion.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same journal

Persistence without turnover: the RhoG G12E mutant highlights the role of nucleotide cycling in RhoG signaling.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same journal

Alternative Splicing of Rice Chloroplastic CuZn Superoxide Dismutase, OsCSD2: Impact on expression and protein characteristics.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same journal

Difference and similarity between the ubiquitous secretory pathway Ca2+-ATPases, SERCA2b, and SPCA1a.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same journal

A molecular perspective on dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolases structure and function.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same journal

Proteolytic coordination of the OXPHOS Life Cycle.

The Biochemical journal·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Rapid Development of Cell State Identification Circuits with Poly-Transfection
09:21

Rapid Development of Cell State Identification Circuits with Poly-Transfection

Published on: February 24, 2023

2.0K

Signalling circuits that direct early B-cell development.

Georg Petkau1, Martin Turner2

  • 1Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB22 3AT, U.K. Georg.Petkau@babraham.ac.uk.

The Biochemical Journal
|March 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian B-cell development involves gene expression, immunoglobulin gene rearrangement, and selection. Environmental cues and signaling pathways like PI3K, MAPK, and JAK-STAT guide these critical B-cell development processes.

Keywords:
B-lymphocyte developmentFLT3LIL7c-Kitlineage commitmentsignalling

More Related Videos

Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies
11:12

Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

Published on: September 13, 2024

915
Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises
13:56

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises

Published on: January 18, 2011

23.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Rapid Development of Cell State Identification Circuits with Poly-Transfection
09:21

Rapid Development of Cell State Identification Circuits with Poly-Transfection

Published on: February 24, 2023

2.0K
Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies
11:12

Immunometabolic Circuits in Infection for Advancing Host Directed Therapies

Published on: September 13, 2024

915
Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises
13:56

Modeling Biological Membranes with Circuit Boards and Measuring Electrical Signals in Axons: Student Laboratory Exercises

Published on: January 18, 2011

23.3K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • B-cell development originates from pluripotent progenitors in the bone marrow.
  • This process involves lineage specification, commitment, expansion, and selection.
  • Key molecular events include gene expression regulation and immunoglobulin gene rearrangement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the critical stages and molecular mechanisms governing mammalian B-cell development.
  • To highlight the role of environmental cues and signaling pathways in B-cell differentiation.
  • To describe the function of specific cytokines and receptors in B-cell lineage progression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established knowledge on B-cell development.
  • Analysis of gene expression programs and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements.
  • Examination of signaling pathways (PI3K, MAPK, JAK-STAT) and their roles.

Main Results:

  • B-cell development is orchestrated by regulated gene expression and immunoglobulin gene rearrangements.
  • Environmental factors (cytokines, chemokines, cell contacts) initiate key developmental steps.
  • Specific cytokines (FLT3-Ligand, c-Kit-Ligand, Interleukin 7) and receptors (pre-B-cell receptor, B-cell receptor) are crucial for distinct developmental stages.

Conclusions:

  • Mammalian B-cell development is a complex, multi-stage process regulated by intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
  • Signaling pathways and receptor-mediated events are essential for B-cell lineage commitment, expansion, and selection.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending immune system function and potential therapeutic targets.