Alterations in masticatory cycle efficiency and bite force in individuals with periodontitis

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Biomedical Engineering
• Periodontology

Background:

• Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, affects the supporting structures of teeth.
• Masticatory function is crucial for nutrient intake and overall health.
• The relationship between periodontitis, masticatory efficiency, and bite force requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of periodontitis on masticatory cycle efficiency.
• To assess the effect of periodontitis on maximum molar bite force.

Main Methods:

• Electromyography of masseter and temporalis muscles measured masticatory cycle efficiency.
• Maximum bite force was recorded in the molar regions.
• Comparison between individuals with and without periodontitis (n=12 each).

Main Results:

• Significant differences in left masseter muscle activity were observed between groups when chewing various foods.
• Dental mobility significantly influenced masticatory cycle efficiency, particularly with peanuts and biocapsules.
• Reduced maximum bite force was noted in the periodontitis group, especially in the left molar region.

Conclusions:

• Loss of periodontal support negatively affects masticatory efficiency and molar bite force.
• Dental mobility is a critical factor influencing masticatory function in periodontitis patients.
• Considering dental mobility is essential for effective clinical treatments targeting masticatory improvement in periodontitis.