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Conservation value of small reserves.

Zoe M Volenec1, Andrew P Dobson1,2

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, 106A Guyot Hall, Princeton, NJ, 08544, U.S.A.

Conservation Biology : the Journal of the Society for Conservation Biology
|March 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small protected areas, though often overlooked, significantly contribute to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem services. Integrating these small reserves into conservation planning is crucial for future biodiversity preservation.

Keywords:
生物多样性保护biodiversity conservationconservación de la biodiversidadecosystem servicesfragmentación del hábitathabitat fragmentationlandscape matrixmatriz de paisajesreserve sizeservicios ambientalestamaño de reserva保护区大小景观基质生境破碎化生态系统服务

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Biodiversity Science

Background:

  • Scientific literature often undervalues small reserves (<100 ha), focusing on larger protected areas.
  • Over half of global protected areas are small, and the median size of newly added areas is decreasing.
  • Research on the conservation value of small reserves and natural fragments is relatively scarce.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize existing studies on the contributions of small reserves and fragments to biodiversity conservation.
  • To assess the role of small reserves in providing ecosystem and cultural services.
  • To inform conservation planning regarding the inclusion of small protected areas.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of SCOPUS and Web of Knowledge databases.
  • Inclusion of fifty-eight taxon-specific studies examining small reserve and fragment contributions.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and conservation value.

Main Results:

  • Small reserves support substantial regional species diversity (up to 50%) for various taxa, including endemic species.
  • Small reserves tend to host more generalist and exotic species compared to larger ones.
  • Community composition in small reserves is influenced by habitat quality, surrounding land use, and size, offering management insights.
  • Small reserves provide vital ecosystem services (pollination, pest control) and cultural services (recreation, health benefits).

Conclusions:

  • Despite limitations like extinction debt, small reserves are vital for conservation, enhancing landscape connectivity and quality.
  • Small reserves offer direct habitat and indirect benefits, complementing larger protected areas.
  • Including small reserves and fragments in conservation planning is essential for preserving biodiversity in human-fragmented landscapes.