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Subcortical Shape Abnormalities in Bulimia Nervosa.

Laura A Berner1, Zhishun Wang2, Mihaela Stefan2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|March 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study found localized surface shape changes in the brains of individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN), particularly in areas related to reward and control. These brain alterations correlate with symptom severity and illness duration in BN patients.

Keywords:
AmygdalaBasal gangliaBulimia nervosaStructural MRISubcortical shapeVertex analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Brain Morphology
  • Psychiatric Disorders

Background:

  • Bulimia nervosa (BN) is linked to functional issues in frontostriatal and frontolimbic brain circuits.
  • Previous research noted structural changes in frontal areas, but subcortical morphometry in BN remained understudied.
  • This study is the first to examine subcortical surface morphometry and the largest to investigate subcortical volume in BN.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate subcortical surface morphometry and volume in individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN).
  • To identify potential structural brain differences associated with BN.
  • To explore correlations between subcortical alterations, illness severity, and duration.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired anatomical MRI scans from 62 female participants with BN and 65 healthy controls.
  • Utilized general linear models to compare subcortical shape and volume between groups.
  • Assessed group-by-age interactions and linked morphometric findings to BN symptom severity and duration.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in overall subcortical volumes were found between groups.
  • Vertexwise analyses revealed inward shape deformations on the anterior pallidum in BN participants.
  • These pallidal deformations correlated with binge-eating frequency and illness duration; thalamic and amygdala deformations varied with age and vomiting frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Findings indicate localized subcortical surface deformations in BN, affecting reward and cognitive control circuits.
  • Alterations were more pronounced in older BN participants and those with severe symptoms.
  • Precise localization of these morphometric changes may help identify risk and persistence markers for BN.