Maxillary sinus augmentation using biphasic calcium phosphate: dimensional stability results after 3-6 years

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Maxillary sinus augmentation is crucial for dental implant success in atrophic jaws.
• Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is a commonly used bone graft material.
• Understanding BCP resorption is vital for long-term implant stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the resorption pattern of BCP in maxillary sinus augmentation.
• To identify factors influencing BCP resorption over a 3- to 6-year period.

Main Methods:

• Study included 22 patients (47 sinuses) with baseline bone height < 5 mm.
• Maxillary sinus elevation via modified Caldwell-Luc approach, filled with BCP.
• Serial radiographic analysis up to 6 years postoperatively.

Main Results:

• No implant loss reported during the follow-up.
• Mean reduced height of augmented sinus (RHO) was minimal at 36 (0.27±1.08 mm) and 72 months (0.89±1.39 mm).
• Increased graft volume and longer healing periods (>40 months) significantly correlated with RHO.

Conclusions:

• BCP demonstrates excellent dimensional stability with minimal height reduction in long-term maxillary sinus augmentation.
• Healing duration and graft quantity are key factors influencing BCP resorption.