Zika Virus Infection, Basic and Clinical Aspects: A Review Article

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Epidemiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Zika virus infection, while generally mild in adults, poses significant risks to fetal development, leading to severe neurodevelopmental abnormalities.
• The medical community has recently focused on Zika virus due to its potential teratogenic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of Zika virus infection, covering its basic and clinical aspects.
• To detail the epidemiology, geographical distribution, virology, and pathogenesis of Zika virus disease.
• To discuss diagnostic laboratory methods and ethical considerations related to Zika virus infection.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature review was conducted to gather information on Zika virus.
• Data on epidemiology and geographical distribution were extracted from CDC and WHO websites.

Main Results:

• The review covers various aspects of Zika virus infection, including its virology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis.
• Diagnostic laboratory methods and ethical concerns are discussed in detail.

Conclusions:

• This review offers a multi-faceted perspective on Zika virus infection.
• Emphasis is placed on the disease's status within the Eastern Mediterranean Region.