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Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

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Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
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Adhesion01:14

Adhesion

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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

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Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
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What is Natural Selection?01:32

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Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Dynamic Adhesion Assay for the Functional Analysis of Anti-adhesion Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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Anti-adhesion Molecules in IBD: Does Gut Selectivity Really Make the Difference?

Ferdinando D'Amico1, Giulia Roda1, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet2

  • 1IBD Centre, Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.

Current Pharmaceutical Design
|March 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New anti-adhesion therapies offer hope for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients unresponsive to traditional treatments. These gut-selective drugs reduce inflammation by blocking immune cell traffic to the intestine, potentially improving efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
Anti-adhesionCrohn's diseaseInflammatory Bowel Diseasegut selectivityintegrinulcerative colitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory condition requiring long-term management.
  • A significant subset of IBD patients exhibit inadequate response or adverse effects to conventional biologic therapies, including anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α agents.
  • Alternative therapeutic strategies are needed for refractory IBD cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging role of anti-adhesion molecules as a novel therapeutic class in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
  • To discuss the mechanism of action for these agents in modulating immune cell trafficking to the gut.
  • To evaluate the clinical data supporting the use of anti-adhesion molecules in IBD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and clinical trial data on anti-adhesion molecules in IBD.
  • Focus on drugs targeting molecules involved in leukocyte homing to the intestinal mucosa.
  • Analysis of efficacy, safety, and gut-selective properties of these novel agents.

Main Results:

  • Anti-adhesion molecules represent a promising new therapeutic avenue for IBD patients.
  • These agents reduce chronic inflammatory infiltration in the gut by selectively blocking immune cell migration.
  • Gut-selective therapies, such as vedolizumab, demonstrate potential for enhanced clinical efficacy and reduced systemic side effects.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-adhesion molecules offer a viable treatment option for patients with IBD who have failed or are intolerant to traditional therapies.
  • The targeted approach of blocking T cell traffic to the gut provides a mechanism for managing gut inflammation.
  • Further research and clinical application of these gut-selective agents are warranted for optimizing IBD treatment.