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Periodontitis Is Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
K Takeuchi1,2, K Matsumoto3, M Furuta1
11 Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Journal of Dental Research
|March 9, 2019
Summary
Severe periodontitis significantly increases the risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), even after accounting for smoking. This highlights periodontitis as a potential COPD risk factor, with 22.6% of cases attributable to it.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health
- Pulmonology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) share known pathophysiological processes.
- The precise relationship between periodontitis and COPD risk, particularly considering smoking, remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between periodontitis severity and the risk of developing COPD.
- To determine if periodontitis is an independent risk factor for COPD, adjusting for smoking and other confounders.
Main Methods:
- A 5-year follow-up study of 900 Japanese adults (≥60 years) without COPD.
- Participants categorized by baseline periodontitis severity (none/mild, moderate, severe).
- COPD diagnosis via spirometry (FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 or below lower limit of normal); statistical analysis using Poisson regression.
Main Results:
- Severe periodontitis was associated with a significantly increased risk of COPD (RR=3.55; 95% CI, 1.18-10.67) compared to no/mild periodontitis.
- This association remained significant after adjusting for confounders including smoking intensity (RR=3.51; 95% CI, 1.15-10.74).
- A positive trend was observed between periodontitis severity and COPD risk (P for trend=0.043), with a population attributable fraction of 22.6% for COPD due to periodontitis.
Conclusions:
- Severe periodontitis is a significant risk factor for the development of COPD.
- Periodontitis may play an important role in COPD pathogenesis, independent of smoking.
- Findings suggest periodontitis management could be a strategy for COPD prevention.
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