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Lonomia obliqua bristle extract modulates Rac1 activation, membrane dynamics and cell adhesion properties.

L Bernardi1, A F M Pinto2, E Mendes3

  • 1Basic Research Center, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande of Sul, Brazil; Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
|March 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

The Lonomia obliqua bristle extract (LOBE) impacts cell migration and adhesion by altering cytoskeletal dynamics and RhoGTPase activity. This suggests LOBE contains bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential for cell signaling modulation.

Keywords:
ActinFocal adhesion kinasePaxillinRhoGTPasesVinculin

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lonomia obliqua venom induces blood leakage and modulates leukocyte migration.
  • These effects are linked to alterations in cytoskeleton dynamics and cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of Lonomia obliqua bristle extract (LOBE) on cell adhesion and migration signaling.
  • To identify bioactive molecules within LOBE that influence cellular processes.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic analysis of epithelial cells (CHO-K1) exposed to LOBE.
  • Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) to measure RhoGTPase activity.
  • Analysis of cell migration, membrane ruffling, and adhesion marker distribution.

Main Results:

  • LOBE exposure altered levels of actin regulatory proteins, including RhoGTPases, in epithelial cells.
  • Increased Rac GTPase activity was observed following LOBE treatment.
  • LOBE induced membrane ruffling and altered the distribution of adhesion markers like paxillin and vinculin, alongside increased focal adhesion kinase autophosphorylation.

Conclusions:

  • LOBE contains bioactive molecules that modulate cell migration signaling and cytoskeletal dynamics.
  • LOBE affects cell-extracellular matrix adhesion properties.
  • These findings highlight LOBE's potential for therapeutic applications in cell signaling and adhesion processes.