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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Statistical tests can calculate whether there is a relationship, or correlation, between independent and dependent variables. An indirect relationship of the variables signifies a correlation, while a direct relationship shows causation. If it is determined that no connection exists between the variables, then the correlation is a coincidence.
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In statistics, two variables are said to be correlated if the values of one variable are associated with the other variable. Depending on the relationship between two variables, correlation can be of three types– positive correlation, negative correlation, and zero correlation.
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Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
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Correlation between MTHFR polymorphisms and glaucoma: A meta-analysis.

Ling Zhang1, Bin Chen1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, China.

Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine
|March 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene variations, specifically rs1801131 and rs1801133, are linked to glaucoma risk in West Asian populations. These MTHFR polymorphisms may act as genetic markers for glaucoma in this ethnic group.

Keywords:
gene polymorphismsglaucomameta-analysismethylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene polymorphisms in glaucoma pathogenesis is debated.
  • Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the association between MTHFR polymorphisms and glaucoma risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the association between common MTHFR polymorphisms (rs1801131 and rs1801133) and the risk of developing glaucoma.
  • To clarify the controversial relationship between MTHFR gene variations and glaucoma susceptibility.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Medline, and Embase databases.
  • Meta-analysis techniques were employed to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MTHFR polymorphisms.
  • Included 18 studies encompassing 7,168 participants.

Main Results:

  • Overall analysis revealed a significant association between the MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism and glaucoma risk under dominant and allele models.
  • Subgroup analyses by ethnicity demonstrated a significant link between both rs1801131 and rs1801133 polymorphisms and glaucoma likelihood specifically in West Asian individuals.
  • No significant associations were found for these polymorphisms in East Asian or Caucasian populations.

Conclusions:

  • The MTHFR rs1801131 and rs1801133 polymorphisms show potential as predictive genetic biomarkers for glaucoma, particularly within the West Asian population.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the genetic underpinnings of glaucoma and highlight ethnic-specific genetic risk factors.