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Exploring the contribution of executive functions to on-road driving performance during aging: A latent variable
Julien Adrian1, Michèle Moessinger2, André Charles3
1Laboratory of Accidentology, Biomechanics and human behavior, PSA Peugeot Citroën - Renault (LAB), Nanterre, France.
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|March 10, 2019
Summary
Older adults' driving safety is crucial. This study found that the ability to inhibit responses is key to maintaining safe driving performance as people age.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Traffic Safety
Background:
- Population aging increases concerns about older driver safety.
- Age-related cognitive decline is a primary factor in unsafe driving among seniors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the relationship between executive functions (EFs) and on-road driving performance in aging individuals.
- To identify specific EFs crucial for safe driving in older adults.
Main Methods:
- 126 participants (aged 20-82) underwent a 247 km on-road driving test.
- Participants completed tasks assessing inhibition, updating, and shifting executive functions.
- Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed.
Main Results:
- Executive functions demonstrated both unity and diversity in the adult lifespan sample.
- On-road driving performance was significantly associated with inhibition.
- The decline in driving performance with age appears to be mediated by inhibition.
Conclusions:
- Accurate assessment of executive functioning is vital for understanding domain-specific performance.
- Executive functions, particularly inhibition, play a major role in driving performance during aging.
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